ver

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ver"

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Vere.

Symbol

ver

(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Mom Jango.

English

Noun

ver (plural vers)

Abbreviation of version.

Anagrams

ERV, Rev, Rev., VRE, ev'r, rev, rev.

Afrikaans

Etymology 1

From Dutch ver, from Middle Dutch verre.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fɛr ~ fær/, (also) /fɛːr ~ fæːr/

Adjective

ver (attributive verre or (less often) ver, comparative verder, superlative verste)

far, distant

Alternative forms

vêr, fêr (obsolete)

Derived terms

verte

Etymology 2

See the main entry.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fər/

Preposition

ver

obsolete spelling of vir

Albanian

Etymology

Unknown. Maybe related to urë.

Noun

ver m (plural verra)

(architecture) arch

Aromanian

Alternative forms

veru

Etymology

From Latin (cōnsobrīnus) vērus. Compare Romanian văr.

Noun

ver m (plural veri, feminine equivalent vearã)

(male) cousin
Synonyms: cusurin, cusurin-ver

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin vidēre.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbeɾ/ [ˈbeɾ]
Rhymes: -eɾ
Syllabification: ver

Verb

ver

to see

Conjugation

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan ver, from Latin vērus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈbɛr]
IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈvə]
IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈveɾ]

Adjective

ver (feminine vera, masculine plural vers, feminine plural veres)

(archaic or Balearic, Alghero) true, real
Synonym: veritable

Related terms

Dutch

Alternative forms

verre (archaic)

Etymology

From earlier verre, from Middle Dutch verre, Old Dutch ferro, from Proto-West Germanic *ferrō, from Proto-Germanic *ferrai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go over”). Originally solely an adverb, adjectival usages represent a secondary development visible in many Germanic languages.

The now-obsolete sense of "by far" was already present in the Middle Dutch word, and survived until as late as the nineteenth century.

The inflected adjective form verre was historically sometimes re-formed as verde (see there for more).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vɛr/, (colloquial) [fɛr]
Audio (Holland): (file)
Hyphenation: ver
Rhymes: -ɛr

Adverb

ver

far
Antonyms: nabij, dichtbij

Hij kwam ver, maar faalde alsnog. ― He came far, but failed nonetheless.
(obsolete) by far
Synonym: verreweg

Deze methode is ver de beste. ― This method is the best by far.

Usage notes

Beyond the derivations listed below, the archaic form verre is also still regularly encountered in phrases such as verre van ("far from").

Adjective

ver (comparative verder, superlative verst)

far, distant
Antonyms: dichtbij, nabij

Hij reist naar verre oorden. ― He travels to distant places.

Declension

Declension of ver
uninflected	ver
inflected	verre
comparative	verder
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		ver	verder	het verst het verste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	verre	verdere	verste
	n. sing.	ver	verder	verste
	plural	verre	verdere	verste
definite		verre	verdere	verste
partitive		vers	verders	—

Derived terms

Descendants

Afrikaans: ver
Berbice Creole Dutch: faru
Javindo: fer
Negerhollands: ver

Faroese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /veːɹ/
Rhymes: -eːɹ

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *wazą. Related to Icelandic ver, Danish vår, Swedish var, all meaning the same, and Norwegian ver, vær, meaning the same, but also “bag, jar, place to store things”.

Noun

ver n

a cover made of cloth (e.g. a pillow case or duvet cover)
Synonym: vor

Declension

n3	singular		plural
n3	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verið	ver	verini
accusative	ver	verið	ver	verini
dative	veri	verinum	verum	verunum
genitive	vers	versins	vera	veranna

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ver

singular imperative of vera
kom og ver hjá mær
come and be at my side

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French ver, verm (“worm”), from Latin vermem (“worm”), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vɛʁ/
Rhymes: -ɛʁ
Audio (Aquitaine): (file)
(Quebec) IPA^(key): /vaɛ̯ʁ/
Audio (Quebec, Montreal): (file)
Audio (Switzerland (Valais)): (file)
Audio (France (Toulouse)): (file)
Audio (France (Vosges)): (file)
Audio (France): (file)
Audio (France (Grenoble)): (file)
Audio (France (Vosges)): (file)
Audio (France (Vosges)): (file)
Audio (France (Hérault)): (file)
Audio (France (Lyon)): (file)
Audio (France (Massy)): (file)
Hyphenation: ver
Homophones: vair, vairs, verre, verres, vers, vert, verts

Noun

ver m (plural vers)

worm

Derived terms

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese veer, from Latin vidēre (“to see”), from Proto-Italic *widēō (“to see”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to know; see”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbeɾ/ [ˈbeɾ]
Rhymes: -eɾ
Hyphenation: ver

Verb

ver (first-person singular present vexo, first-person singular preterite vin, past participle visto)
ver (first-person singular present vejo, first-person singular preterite vim or vi, past participle visto, reintegrationist norm)

to see

Conjugation

Conjugation of ver (irregular)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ver
Personal	ver	veres	ver	vermos	verdes	veren
Gerund
	vendo
Past participle
Masculine	visto			vistos
Feminine	vista			vistas
Indicative
Present	vexo	ves	ve	vemos	vedes	ven
Imperfect	vía	vías	vía	viamos	viades	vían
Preterite	vin	viches	viu	vimos	vistes	viron
Pluperfect	vira	viras	vira	viramos	virades	viran
Future	verei	verás	verá	veremos	veredes	verán
Conditional	vería	verías	vería	veriamos	veriades	verían
Subjunctive
Present	vexa	vexas	vexa	vexamos	vexades	vexan
Imperfect	vise	vises	vise	vísemos	vísedes	visen
Future	vir	vires	vir	virmos	virdes	viren
Imperative
Affirmative		ve	vexa	vexamos	vede	vexan
Negative (non)		non vexas	non vexa	non vexamos	non vexades	non vexan

Reintegrated conjugation of ver (irregular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ver
Personal	ver	veres	ver	vermos	verdes	verem
Gerund
	vendo
Past participle
Masculine	visto			vistos
Feminine	vista			vistas
Indicative
Present	vejo	vês	vê	vemos	vedes	vem, veem
Imperfect	via	vias	via	víamos	víades, víeis, víais¹	viam
Preterite	vim, vi	viste, viche¹	viu	vimos	vistes	vírom, viram
Pluperfect	vira	viras	vira	víramos	vírades, víreis, vírais¹	viram
Future	verei	verás	verá	veremos	veredes, vereis	verám, verão
Conditional	veria	verias	veria	veríamos	veríades, veríeis, veríais¹	veriam
Subjunctive
Present	veja	vejas	veja	vejamos	vejades, vejais	vejam
Imperfect	visse	visses	visse	víssemos	víssedes, vísseis	vissem
Future	vir	vires	vir	virmos	virdes	virem
Imperative
Affirmative		vê	veja	vejamos	vede	vejam
Negative (nom)		nom vejas	nom veja	nom vejamos	nom vejades, nom vejais	nom vejam

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

Hungarian

Etymology

Of unknown origin.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈvɛr]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ɛr

Verb

ver

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ver*
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indicative	indicative	present	indef.	verek	versz	ver	verünk	vertek	vernek
			def.	verem	vered	veri	verjük	veritek	verik
			2nd obj	verlek
		past	indef.	vertem	vertél	vert	vertünk	vertetek	vertek
			def.	vertem	verted	verte	vertük	vertétek	verték
			2nd obj	vertelek
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. verni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	verék	verél	vere	verénk	verétek	verének
		def.	verém	veréd	veré	verénk	verétek	verék
		2nd obj	verélek
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ver vala, vert vala/volt.
archaic future		indef.	verendek	verendesz	verend	verendünk	verendetek	verendenek
		def.	verendem	verended	verendi	verendjük	verenditek	verendik
		2nd obj	verendelek

conditional		present	indef.	vernék	vernél	verne	vernénk	vernétek	vernének
	def.		verném	vernéd	verné	vernénk (or vernők)	vernétek	vernék
	2nd obj		vernélek
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vert volna

subjunctive	subjunctive	present	indef.	verjek	verj or verjél	verjen	verjünk	verjetek	verjenek
			def.	verjem	verd or verjed	verje	verjük	verjétek	verjék
			2nd obj	verjelek
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vert légyen

infinitive		verni		vernem	verned	vernie	vernünk	vernetek	verniük
other forms	verés		verő	vert	verendő	verve (vervén)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

Potential conjugation of *ver*
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indicative	indicative	present	indef.	verhetek	verhetsz	verhet	verhetünk	verhettek	verhetnek
			def.	verhetem	verheted	verheti	verhetjük	verhetitek	verhetik
			2nd obj	verhetlek
		past	indef.	verhettem	verhettél	verhetett	verhettünk	verhettetek	verhettek
			def.	verhettem	verhetted	verhette	verhettük	verhettétek	verhették
			2nd obj	verhettelek
archaic preterite		indef.	verheték	verhetél	verhete	verheténk	verhetétek	verhetének
		def.	verhetém	verhetéd	verheté	verheténk	verhetétek	verheték
		2nd obj	verhetélek
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. verhet vala, verhetett vala/volt.
archaic future		indef.	verhetendek or verandhatok	verhetendesz or verandhatsz	verhetend or verandhat	verhetendünk or verandhatunk	verhetendetek or verandhattok	verhetendenek or verandhatnak
		def.	verhetendem or verandhatom	verhetended or verandhatod	verhetendi or verandhatja	verhetendjük or verandhatjuk	verhetenditek or verandhatjátok	verhetendik or verandhatják
		2nd obj	verhetendelek or verandhatlak

conditional		present	indef.	verhetnék	verhetnél	verhetne	verhetnénk	verhetnétek	verhetnének
	def.		verhetném	verhetnéd	verhetné	verhetnénk (or verhetnők)	verhetnétek	verhetnék
	2nd obj		verhetnélek
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. verhetett volna

subjunctive	subjunctive	present	indef.	verhessek	verhess or verhessél	verhessen	verhessünk	verhessetek	verhessenek
			def.	verhessem	verhesd or verhessed	verhesse	verhessük	verhessétek	verhessék
			2nd obj	verhesselek
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. verhetett légyen

infinitive		(verhetni)		(verhetnem)	(verhetned)	(verhetnie)	(verhetnünk)	(verhetnetek)	(verhetniük)
other forms	verhető			verhetetlen		(verhetve / verhetvén)

Derived terms

Compound words

üt-ver

(With verbal prefixes):

Expressions

References

^ ver in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Icelandic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈvɛːr/
Rhymes: -ɛːr

Homophone: Ver

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Norse verr, from Proto-Germanic *weraz, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognate with English were-.

Noun

ver m (genitive singular vers, nominative plural verar)

(poetic, literary) husband
Synonyms: bóndi, eiginmaður, ektamaður, maður
(poetic, literary) man
Synonyms: karl, karlmaður, maður

Declension

Declension of *ver* (masculine)
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verinn	verar	verarnir
accusative	ver	verinn	vera	verana
dative	ver, veri	vernum	verum	verunum
genitive	vers	versins	vera	veranna

Etymology 2

A 19th century alteration of earlier vör, from Old Norse vǫrr, from Proto-Germanic *warzuz.

Alternative forms

var, vör

Noun

ver m (genitive singular vers, nominative plural verir) or (regionally)
ver n (genitive singular vers, nominative plural ver)

a line in the water made by the movement of an oar or a boat
Synonyms: (of an oar) árarfar, (of a boat) kjölrák

Declension

Declension of *ver* (masculine)
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verinn	verir	verirnir
accusative	ver	verinn	veri	verina
dative	ver	vernum	verum	verunum
genitive	vers	versins	vera	veranna

or (regionally)

Declension of *ver* (neuter)
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verið	ver	verin
accusative	ver	verið	ver	verin
dative	veri	verinu	verum	verunum
genitive	vers	versins	vera	veranna

Etymology 3

Inherited from Old Norse ver, of the same meaning. Origin uncertain, but probably related to vari (“liquid”) and to Old English wær (“sea”).

Noun

ver n (genitive singular vers, no plural)

(poetic) the sea, the ocean

Declension

Declension of *ver* (sg-only neuter)
	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verið
accusative	ver	verið
dative	veri	verinu
genitive	vers	versins

Etymology 4

The same as Norwegian vær (“fishing harbor, fishing village”), other cognates including Old English wer (whence modern English weir), Old Saxon werr, Middle Low German were/wer, Middle High German wer (whence German Wehr). Probably from Proto-Germanic *warjaz, *warją (“dam, weir”), related to vör f (“landing space for a boat”) and to verja (“protect”). The root meaning would then be a guarded or fenced off place.

Noun

ver n (genitive singular vers, nominative plural ver)

fishing center
a place where a flock of birds makes its nests (and eggs may be gathered or birds caught)
a wet grassy spot in an otherwise inhospitable area; oasis
(in this sense common as a suffix in place names:) Eyvindarver, Þjórsárver
(as a suffix) production facility
‎kvikmynd (“movie”) + ‎ver → ‎kvikmyndaver (“movie studio, movie production facility”)

‎ál (“aluminum”) + ‎ver → ‎álver (“aluminum production facility”)
a generic suffix for proper names of community centers, shopping centers, or names of businesses

Declension

Declension of *ver* (neuter)
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verið	ver	verin
accusative	ver	verið	ver	verin
dative	veri	verinu	verum	verunum
genitive	vers	versins	vera	veranna

Derived terms

Etymology 5

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *wazą. Related to Faroese ver, Danish vår, Swedish var, all meaning the same, and Norwegian ver, vær, meaning the same, but also “bag, jar, place to store things”. Compare vasi (“pocket”).

Noun

ver n (genitive singular vers, nominative plural ver)

a cover made of cloth (e.g. a pillow case or duvet cover)

Declension

Declension of *ver* (neuter)
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verið	ver	verin
accusative	ver	verið	ver	verin
dative	veri	verinu	verum	verunum
genitive	vers	versins	vera	veranna

Derived terms

Etymology 6

See verr.

Adverb

ver

(nonstandard) comparative degree of illa
Synonym: verr (standard)

Etymology 7

See vera.

Verb

ver

singular imperative of vera (“to be”)

Etymology 8

See verja.

Verb

ver

first-person singular indicative of verja
Ég ver hann. ― I defend him.
third-person singular indicative of verja
Hann ver mig. ― He protects me.
singular imperative of verja

References

Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989), “ver”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
Árni Böðvarsson (editor). Íslensk orðabók, 2nd edition, 12th printing (2000). Reykjavík, Mál og Menning. →ISBN
Orðapistill um ver

Interlingua

Adjective

ver

true

Ladino

Alternative forms

veer

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish veer, ver (“to see”), from Latin vidēre, from Proto-Italic *widēō (“to see”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd-. Cognate with English view, wit, wise.

Verb

ver (Hebrew spelling ב׳יר)^[1]

(transitive, literally) to see; to spot
- 1987, Aki Yerushalayim‎^[1], numbers 32–40, page 43:
  Veo las fachas koreladas de la kalor del karvon i del eksitamiento por las muevas — viejas konsejas ke se gostavan, ke se respiravan i se azian muestras.
  I see the faces red from heated coal and excited by the news — old tales that were pleasing, inspirational and becoming ours.
(transitive) to see; to look at; to view (perceive)
- 2007, Moshe 'Ha-Elion, Las angustias del enferno: las pasadias de un djidio de Saloniki en los kampos de eksterminasion almanes Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk i Ebensee‎^[2], Sentro Moshe David Gaon de Kultura Djudeo-Espanyola, Universidad Ben-Gurion del Negev, →ISBN, page 4:
  Veo komo mi dover i tomo grande plazer de rengrasiar i de ser rekonosiente a las institusiones i a los individuales, ke me ayudaron a publikar este livro sea finansialmente o de otra manera.
  I see [it] as my duty and take great pleasure to acknowledge and to be grateful to the institutions and individuals who helped me, financially or otherwise, publish this book.
(transitive) to watch (observe)
Synonyms: mirar, observar
- 19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, edited by Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi‎^[3], Stanford University Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 215:
  Yo, ke nunka en mis dias ke non sali aver fuego, syendo fui akavidado, ma akea noche fui ovligado de ir a este fuego, non para verlo, otro ke syendo era serka dela kaza de si. Shelomo Fernandes.
  Myself, never in all my days had I gone out to watch a fire, seeing as how I was warned against that, but that night I was obligated to go after this fire, not to watch it, but [because] it was approaching Mr. Shelomo Fernandes's house.

Conjugation

conjugation of ver

number		singular			plural
infinitive			ver
gerund			viendo
participle			visto
person		first person	second person	third person	first person	second person	third person
indicative		yo	tu	el eya	mozotros mozotras	vozotros vozotras	eyos eyas
	simple present	veo, veygo	ves	ve	vemos	vesh	ven
	imperfect	viya	viyas	viya	viyamos	viyash	viyan
	preterite	vide	vites	vido	vimos	vitesh	vyeron, vieron
	future	veré	verás	verá	veremos	verésh	verán
	conditional	veriya	veriyas	veriya	veriyamos	veriyash	veriyan
subjunctive		yo	tu	el eya	mozotros mozotras	vozotros vozotras	eyos eyas
	present	vea	veas	vea	veamos	veásh	vean
	past	vyera, viera	vyeras, vieras	vyera, viera	vyéramos, viéramos	vyerash, vierash	vyeran, vieran
imperative		—		—	—		—
	affirmative	(vea)	ve	(vea)	(veamos)	ve, ved	(vean)
	negativo	(no vea)	no veas	(no vea)	(no veamos)	no veásh	(no vean)

References

^ “ver”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola [Treasury of the Judeo-Spanish Language] (in Ladino, Hebrew, and English), Instituto Maale Adumim

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wezor (stem *wezn-), from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ (“spring”). The original Italic form gave *veror, genitive *vēnis, with *-s- lost before -n- with lengthening of the preceding vowel, as is usual in Latin. The -n- of the genitive stem was then replaced by the -r- of the nominative, and the genitive stem was then extended back to the nominative.^[1]

Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔᾰρ (éăr), Old Norse vár, Lithuanian vasara, Sanskrit वसर् (vasar, combining form of उ॒षस् (uṣás, “morning”)) and व॒स॒न्त (vasantá, “spring”), Persian (bahâr, “spring”), Old Armenian գարուն (garun), and Old Church Slavonic весна (vesna).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈweːr]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈvɛr]

Noun

vēr n (genitive vēris); third declension

spring (season)
Coordinate terms: aestās, autumnus, hiems
- c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 46:
  Iam vēr ēgelidōs refert tepōrēs,
  iam caelī furor aequinoctiālis
  iūcundīs Zephyrī silēscit aurīs.
  Linquantur Phrygiī, Catulle, campī
  Nīcaeaeque ager ūber aestuōsae:
  ad clārās Asiae volēmus urbēs.
  Iam mēns praetrepidāns avet vagārī,
  iam laetī studiō pedēs vigēscunt.
  Ō dulcēs comitum valēte coetūs,
  longē quōs simul ā domō profectōs
  dīversae variae viae reportant.
  Translation by Wikisource
  Now spring brings back the thawed-out warmth,
  now the raging of the equinoctial sky
  subsides with the sweet breezes of Zephyr.
  Let the Phrygian plains be left behind, Catullus,
  and the rich land of sweltering Nicaea:
  let us fly away to the famed cities of Asia.
  Now my fluttering soul yearns to wander;
  now my joyful feet come alive with eagerness.
  Farewell, dear bands of fellow travellers,
  whom, having left home at the same time,
  split paths carry home by different routes.
- c. 4th century CE, Tiberianus, Pervigilium Veneris 2:
  Vēr novum, vēr iam canōrum, vēre nātus orbis est.
  The spring is new, the spring is now melodious, in the spring was the world created.

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	vēr	vēra
genitive	vēris	vērum
dative	vērī	vēribus
accusative	vēr	vēra
ablative	vēre	vēribus
vocative	vēr	vēra

Derived terms

prīmum vēr

Related terms

Descendants

Old Catalan: ver
Vulgar Latin: *vēra, *vērānum (see there for further descendants)

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “vēr”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 663–664

Latvian

Verb

ver

inflection of vērt:
(with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of vērt
(with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of vērt

Livonian

Alternative forms

ver (Salaca)
vie’r

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *veri.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈveˀr/, [ˈveˀr]

Noun

ve’r

blood

Declension

Declension of **ve’r** (83)
	singular (ikšlu’g)	plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative (nominatīv)	ve’r	vierūd
genitive (genitīv)	vie’r	vierūd
partitive (partitīv)	vīerda	veŗḑi
dative (datīv)	vie’rrõn	vierūdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl)	vie’rkõks	vierūdõks
illative (illatīv)	vie’rrõ	vierīž
inessive (inesīv)	vie’rsõ	ve’ŗši
elative (elatīv)	vie’rstõ	ve’ŗšti

References

Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “ve’r”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[4] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Lombard

Etymology

Inherited from Latin vērus (“true”). Cognate to Italian vero.

Adjective

ver

true

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

ver

alternative form of veir

Etymology 2

Noun

ver

alternative form of werre (“war”)

Mòcheno

Etymology

An unstressed pronunciation, from Middle High German vür, from Old High German furi, from Proto-Germanic *furi (“for, before”). Cognate with German für, English for.

Preposition

ver

for [with accusative]

References

“ver” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Verb

ver

imperative of vera (“to be”)

Etymology 2

From Old Norse veðr n.

Noun

ver n (definite singular veret, indefinite plural ver, definite plural vera)

alternative spelling of vêr

Etymology 3

From Old Norse veðr m.

Noun

ver m (definite singular veren, indefinite plural verar, definite plural verane)

alternative spelling of vêr

References

“ver” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

erv, rev, vêr

Old Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin vēr (“spring”).

Noun

ver m

spring (season)
- 1296 CE, Ramon Llull, Tree of Science (I, 89):
  En lo primer temps de ver en qui's fa la renovació de fulles flors e fruyts...
  At the beginning of spring when the regrowth of leaves, flowers, and fruits takes place...

References

Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “ver”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan)

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *warją.

Noun

ver n (genitive vers)

station for taking eggs, fishing, catching seals, etc.
(poetic) sea
Synonyms: haf, sjór

Declension

Declension of *ver* (strong ja-stem)
neuter	singular		plural
neuter	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verit	ver	verin
accusative	ver	verit	ver	verin
dative	veri	verinu	verjum	verjunum
genitive	vers	versins	verja	verjanna

Derived terms

Descendants

Icelandic: ver
Norwegian Nynorsk: vær
Norwegian Bokmål: vær

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ver n (genitive plural verja)

case, cover

Declension

Declension of *ver* (strong ja-stem)
neuter	singular		plural
neuter	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ver	verit	ver	verin
accusative	ver	verit	ver	verin
dative	veri	verinu	verjum	verjunum
genitive	vers	versins	verja	verjanna

Descendants

Icelandic: ver
Norwegian Nynorsk: var, vær
Norwegian Bokmål: var, vær
→⇒ Middle English: pilwer
- → Irish: piliúr

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ver

second-person singular present imperative active of vera

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ver

inflection of verja:
1. first-person singular present indicative active
2. second-person singular present imperative active

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

ver

accusative singular indefinite of verr

Old Spanish

Verb

ver

alternative form of veer

References

Ralph Steele Boggs et al. (1946), “ver”, in Tentative Dictionary of Medieval Spanish, volume II, Chapel Hill, page 523

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German vor, Dutch voor, English fore.

Preposition

ver

before

Usage notes

Also used in order to express a phrase where English would use ago, such as "ver drei Yaahre", which means "three years ago."

Piedmontese

Etymology

From Latin vērus (“true”), from Proto-Italic *wēros, from a Proto-Indo-European *weh₁-ros, from *weh₁- (“true”).

Adjective

ver

true

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese veer, from Latin vidēre (“to see”), from Proto-Italic *widēō (“I see”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to know; see”).

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈve(ʁ)/ [ˈve(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈve(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈve(ʁ)/ [ˈve(χ)]
- (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ˈve(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈveɾ/
- (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈbeɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈve.ɾi/

Audio (Brazil): (file)
Audio (Portugal): (file)
Audio (Brazil (São Paulo)): (file)
Audio (Portugal (Porto)): (file)
Homophone: vê (Brazil)
Hyphenation: ver

Verb

ver (first-person singular present vejo, first-person singular preterite vi, past participle visto)

(transitive) to see; to observe (to perceive with one’s eyes)
Vejo duas pessoas. ― I see two people.
(intransitive) to see (to be able to see; not to be blind or blinded)
Abriram uma escola para os que não veem.
They've opened a school for those who cannot see.
(figurative, transitive) to see; to understand
Vê o que eu quero dizer? ― Do you see what I mean?
(transitive) to see; to notice; to realise (to come to a conclusion) [with que (+ clause) ‘that ...’]
Eu vi que todas essas pessoas querem que eu vá embora.
I saw that all these people want me to go away.
(transitive) to check (to verify some fact or condition) [with subordinate clause]
Veja se o jantar já está pronto. ― Check whether dinner is ready.

Fomos ver quando é que os meteorologistas previam que ia chover.
We went to check when the meteorologists predicted it was going to rain.
(intransitive) to check (to consult [someone] for information) [with com ‘someone’]
Veja com a secretária se já enviaram o document.
Check with the secretary whether the document has been sent.
(transitive) to watch (to be part of the audience of a visual performance or broadcast)
Fiquei a tarde inteira vendo TV. ― I spent the whole afternoon watching TV.
(transitive) to see; to visit
Ela veio me ver no hospital. ― She came to see me at the hospital.
(intransitive) to pay (to face negative consequences)
Não acredito que mataram meu pai. Eles vão ver.
I can’t believe they killed my father. They’ll pay.
(pronominal, copulative or auxiliary) to find oneself (to be in a given situation, especially unexpectedly) [with copulative noun or copulative adjective or gerund or past participle]
Após mes gastando sem parar, João se viu enterrado em dívidas.
After months spending non-stop, John found himself buried in debt.
(transitive, Brazil, informal) to get; used when ordering something from a waiter or attendant [with para or indirect object pronoun ‘someone’]
Por favor, me vê 500 g de queijo.
I would like 500 g of cheese, please.
(literally, “Please, see me 500 g of cheese.”)

Mandei o recepcionista ver um táxi para o meu pai.
I told the receptionist to get a cab for my dad.

Usage notes

The form viu can be used for filler in Brazil, with an example being "Viu -a, viu?" ("He saw her, right?")

Conjugation

Conjugation of ver (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ver
Personal	ver	veres	ver	vermos	verdes	verem
Gerund
	vendo
Past participle
Masculine	visto			vistos
Feminine	vista			vistas
Indicative
Present	vejo	vês	vê	vemos	vedes	veem, vêem¹
Imperfect	via	vias	via	víamos	víeis	viam
Preterite	vi	viste	viu	vimos	vistes	viram
Pluperfect	vira	viras	vira	víramos	víreis	viram
Future	verei	verás	verá	veremos	vereis	verão
Conditional	veria	verias	veria	veríamos	veríeis	veriam
Subjunctive
Present	veja	vejas	veja	vejamos	vejais	vejam
Imperfect	visse	visses	visse	víssemos	vísseis	vissem
Future	vir	vires	vir	virmos	virdes	virem
Imperative
Affirmative		vê	veja	vejamos	vede	vejam
Negative (não)		não vejas	não veja	não vejamos	não vejais	não vejam

¹Superseded.

Synonyms

(to be able to see): enxergar
(to observe something): contemplar, enxergar, mirar, observar, olhar
(to notice): perceber, notar
(to witness): observar, testemunhar, presenciar
(to understand): compreender, entender, sacar (slang)
(to visit): visitar
(to find oneself): encontrar-se

Derived terms

Related terms

Romansh

Etymology 1

From Latin verres.

Noun

ver m (plural vers)

(Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran) wild boar (Sus scrofa)

Alternative forms

verr (Sursilvan)
vier (Sutsilvan)

Etymology 2

Verb

ver

(Sutsilvan) alternative form of vaser

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *weyd-

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti

Proto-Indo-European *widéh₁yeti

Proto-Italic *widēō

Latin videō

Old Spanish veer

Spanish ver

Inherited from Old Spanish veer, from Latin vidēre.

Cognate with English view, wit, and wise. Compare the borrowed doublet video.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbeɾ/ [ˈbeɾ]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -eɾ
Syllabification: ver

Verb

ver (first-person singular present veo, first-person singular preterite vi, past participle visto)

(transitive, literally) to see, to spot
Vine, vi, vencí.
I came, I saw, I conquered.

Sí, con mis propios ojos, lo vi robar el dinero.
Yes, with my own eyes, I saw him steal the money.
(transitive) to see, to look at, to view (perceive)
Hmm. Ya veo...
Hmm. I see...

Tal experiencia única en la vida cambiará tu manera de ver el mundo.
Such a once in a lifetime experience will change the way that you look at [or see or view] the world.
(transitive) to see, to tell, to observe
Puedo ver que no eres como el resto.
I can tell you aren't like the rest of them.
(transitive) to see, to check (verify)
Déjenme ver si hay moros en la costa.
Let me check if the coast is clear.
(transitive) to watch
ver la televisión
to watch television
(reflexive) to look, to seem
Synonym: (at least Mexico) mirarse

Te ves tan diferente desde la última vez que te vi.
You look so different since the last time I saw you.
(reflexive) to see oneself, to picture oneself
Me veo así como un consejero, nada más.
I just see myself as an advisor, nothing more.
(reflexive) to find oneself, to be
Nos vemos obligados a hacernos una pregunta difícil.
We are forced to ask ourselves a difficult question.
(reciprocal) to see one another
Nos vemos!
See you!
(literally, “We'll see each other!)”)

Conjugation

This is one of three verbs to have an irregular indicative imperfect, alongside ser and ir. Ver's imperfect is a remnant of the Old Spanish veer (only the stem ve- is irregular, otherwise the endings are still regular). In some old texts and in rural speech the archaic preterite forms vide and vido can be found instead of the current vi and vio forms.

Conjugation of ver (irregular) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			ver
gerund			viendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		visto		vista
		plural		vistos		vistas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	veo	ves	ve	vemos	veis	ven
	imperfect	veía	veías	veía	veíamos	veíais	veían
	preterite	vi	viste	vio	vimos	visteis	vieron
	future	veré	verás	verá	veremos	veréis	verán
	conditional	vería	verías	vería	veríamos	veríais	verían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	vea	veas^{^tú} veás^{^vos²}	vea	veamos	veáis	vean
	imperfect (ra)	viera	vieras	viera	viéramos	vierais	vieran
	imperfect (se)	viese	vieses	viese	viésemos	vieseis	viesen
	future¹	viere	vieres	viere	viéremos	viereis	vieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		ve	vea	veamos	ved	vean
	negative		no veas	no vea	no veamos	no veáis	no vean

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of ver (irregular)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive ver	dative	verme	verte	verle, verse	vernos	veros	verles, verse
with infinitive ver	accusative	verme	verte	verlo, verla, verse	vernos	veros	verlos, verlas, verse

with gerund viendo	dative	viéndome	viéndote	viéndole, viéndose	viéndonos	viéndoos	viéndoles, viéndose
with gerund viendo	accusative	viéndome	viéndote	viéndolo, viéndola, viéndose	viéndonos	viéndoos	viéndolos, viéndolas, viéndose

with informal second-person singular tuteo/voseo imperative ve	dative	veme	vete	vele	venos	not used	veles
	accusative	veme	vete	velo, vela	venos	not used	velos, velas

with formal second-person singular imperative vea	dative	véame	not used	véale, véase	véanos	not used	véales
with formal second-person singular imperative vea	accusative	véame	not used	véalo, véala, véase	véanos	not used	véalos, véalas

with first-person plural imperative veamos	dative	not used	veámoste	veámosle	veámonos	veámoos	veámosles
with first-person plural imperative veamos	accusative	not used	veámoste	veámoslo, veámosla	veámonos	veámoos	veámoslos, veámoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative ved	dative	vedme	not used	vedle	vednos	veos	vedles
with informal second-person plural imperative ved	accusative	vedme	not used	vedlo, vedla	vednos	veos	vedlos, vedlas

with formal second-person plural imperative vean	dative	véanme	not used	véanle	véannos	not used	véanles, véanse
with formal second-person plural imperative vean	accusative	véanme	not used	véanlo, véanla	véannos	not used	véanlos, véanlas, véanse

Conjugation of verse (irregular) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			verse
gerund			viéndose
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		visto		vista
		plural		vistos		vistas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
personal non-finite		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	infinitive	verme	verte	verse	vernos	veros	verse
	gerund	viéndome	viéndote	viéndose	viéndonos	viéndoos	viéndose

indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	me veo	te ves	se ve	nos vemos	os veis	se ven
	imperfect	me veía	te veías	se veía	nos veíamos	os veíais	se veían
	preterite	me vi	te viste	se vio	nos vimos	os visteis	se vieron
	future	me veré	te verás	se verá	nos veremos	os veréis	se verán
	conditional	me vería	te verías	se vería	nos veríamos	os veríais	se verían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	me vea	te veas^{^tú} te veás^{^vos²}	se vea	nos veamos	os veáis	se vean
	imperfect (ra)	me viera	te vieras	se viera	nos viéramos	os vierais	se vieran
	imperfect (se)	me viese	te vieses	se viese	nos viésemos	os vieseis	se viesen
	future¹	me viere	te vieres	se viere	nos viéremos	os viereis	se vieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		vete	véase	veámonos	veos	véanse
	negative		no te veas	no se vea	no nos veamos	no os veáis	no se vean

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

Derived terms

Related terms

Turkish

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Verb

ver

second-person singular imperative of vermek

Volapük

Etymology

From a Romance language. Compare Spanish verdad and French vérité.

Noun

ver (genitive vera, plural vers)

truth

Declension

Declension of *ver*
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ver	vers
Genitive	vera	veras
Dative	vere	veres
Accusative	veri	veris
Predicative¹	veru	verus
Vocative	o ver	o vers

Introduced in Volapük Nulik.

Translingual

Etymology

Symbol

See also

English

Noun

Anagrams

Afrikaans

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Adjective

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Preposition

Albanian

Etymology

Noun

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Asturian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Further reading

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Related terms

Further reading

Dutch

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

Usage notes

Adjective

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

Faroese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2

Verb

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Further reading

Galician

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Related terms

See also

Further reading

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Further reading

Icelandic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2