Papers by Michael Stoukides
Environmental Science & Technology, 1991
The isothermal adsorption and desorption of organic vapors on a single soil particle was studied ... more The isothermal adsorption and desorption of organic vapors on a single soil particle was studied with the aid of the electrodynamic thermogravimetric analyzer (EDTGA). Toluene and carbon tetrachloride were tested a t room temperature during their adsorption on Spherocarb, montmorillonite, and Carbopack particles. The maximum amount of either organic compound adsorbed was comparable to that required for one monolayer coverage of the particle surface area. Significant differences among various pairs of solid-organic vapor examined were identified and correlated to differences in solid pore structure and chemical affinity between the organic compound and the solid.
An Electrochemical Haber-Bosch Process
Joule
Demonstration of hydrogen production in a hybrid lignite-assisted solid oxide electrolysis cell
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Res Chem Intermediates, 2006
Solid electrolyte membrane reactors (SEMRs) have been used to both study and influence catalytic ... more Solid electrolyte membrane reactors (SEMRs) have been used to both study and influence catalytic reaction rates. Methane coupling is the reaction most thoroughly and intensively studied in these membrane reactors. In the last 20 years, oxygen ion (O 2−), proton (H +) and mixed (O 2−-e − , H +-e −) conducting membranes have been tested in order to maximize the conversion of methane to C 2 compounds. The present review contains the fundamental operating principles of the various SEMR types and their applications in this reaction. The difficulties that should be overcome in order to promote this SEMR process to an industrial scale are discussed.
Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 1988
Solid electrolytes are solid-state materials with an electrical conductivity partly or wholly due... more Solid electrolytes are solid-state materials with an electrical conductivity partly or wholly due to ionic displacement. In 1834, Faraday was the first to report the existence of such materials. Faraday observed that, when heated up, PbF2 could become an excellent electrical conductor. That was due to the mobility of Fions in the PbF2 lattice. Over the last 20 years, research in the area of solid electrolytes has shown considerable growth. In the present review, an attempt is made to summarize recent applications of solid electrolytes in the area of heterogeneous catalysis. The emphasis is on oxygen ion and proton conductors since these are the ones that have been used to some significant extent.
Electrocatalytic Methane Dimerization with a Yb‐Doped SrCeO3 Solid Electrolyte
Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Jun 1, 1991
This paper reports on the electrocatalytic nonoxidative dimerization of methane to ethane and eth... more This paper reports on the electrocatalytic nonoxidative dimerization of methane to ethane and ethylene that was studied at 750°C and 1 atm. The electrochemical cell used as Ag/SrCa{sub 0.95}Yb{sub 0.05}Oâ/Ag where the solid electrolyte was a proton conductor. By applying a current to the cell H{sup +} was pumped to or from the Ag electrodes. Under closed circuit the rate
Evaluation and Use of the Pd I SrCe0.95Yb0.05031 Pd Electrochemical Reactor for Equilibrium-Limited Hydrogenation Reactions
Ionics, 1998
Solid-Electrolyte Membrane Reactors: Current Experience and Future Outlook
Catal Rev Sci Eng, 2000
This review article covers the research work that has been conducted in solid-electrolyte membran... more This review article covers the research work that has been conducted in solid-electrolyte membrane reactors (SEMR). An overview of the types of solid electrolytes and their applications in heterogeneous catalysis is first presented, followed by a survey of SEMR ...
Electrocatalytic study of ammonia synthesis and methane dimerization in high temperature solid electrolyte cells
The present report covers the first year of the three year project. The work is funded 50-50 by t... more The present report covers the first year of the three year project. The work is funded 50-50 by the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy. The NSF support started on February 15, 1989 while the DOE support started on September 15, 1989. This created some minor difficulties in the budget distribution but hopefully within the second year everything
Method and apparatus for converting ethylene to ethylene oxide
Methane activation on a La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3</sub
Ionics, 1997
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 1995
The direct conversion of methane into useful and more versatile chemicals is a subject that has a... more The direct conversion of methane into useful and more versatile chemicals is a subject that has attracted the interest of numerous researchers. Methane is a refractory molecule and therefore very difficult to convert to upgraded products. In the last thirty years, the electrochemical studies of methane activation have contributed significantly by adding various alternative solutions to this very challenging research problem. In the present communication, the most important findings of low, moderate and high temperature electrochemical studies are reviewed. Since methane activation is easier at elevated temperatures, solid electrolyte cells have been used more extensively. Most of these high-temperature works focused on the production of either synthesis gas or of C2 compounds. A third vital alternative is the development of the internally reformed methane fuel cell. Results are discussed and compared with those of conventional catalytic processes.
Method and apparatus for ammonia synthesis at atmospheric pressure
Solid electrolyte aided study of methane oxidation
Methane is in abundant supply as the main component of natural gas. It can also be produced by th... more Methane is in abundant supply as the main component of natural gas. It can also be produced by the hydrogenation of carbon, carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. It is very difficult, however, to convert methane to other useful chemicals. Methane is a very stable molecule and its heterogeneous catalytic oxidation results to complete oxidation products, i.e. COâ and HâO. Products
Catalytic and electrocatalytic oxidation methane in a solid electrolyte cell
Methane was oxidized in a solid electrolyte cell at 450° - 700°C. A number of catalysts includi... more Methane was oxidized in a solid electrolyte cell at 450° - 700°C. A number of catalysts including Ag and Li/MgO-Ag were used. Ethylene, ethane, CO and COâ were the main products. Electrochemical techniques were applied to increase the selectivity to Câ products.
ChemInform, 2007
Solid electrolyte membrane reactors (SEMRs) have been used to both study and influence catalytic ... more Solid electrolyte membrane reactors (SEMRs) have been used to both study and influence catalytic reaction rates. Methane coupling is the reaction most thoroughly and intensively studied in these membrane reactors. In the last 20 years, oxygen ion (O 2−), proton (H +) and mixed (O 2−-e − , H +-e −) conducting membranes have been tested in order to maximize the conversion of methane to C 2 compounds. The present review contains the fundamental operating principles of the various SEMR types and their applications in this reaction. The difficulties that should be overcome in order to promote this SEMR process to an industrial scale are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Incineration of Contaminated Soils in an Electrodynamic Balance
ChemInform, 1992
ABSTRACT Understanding contaminant evolution from landfill soils is important in several in-situ ... more ABSTRACT Understanding contaminant evolution from landfill soils is important in several in-situ remediation processes as well as in thermal treatment and incineration of contaminated top soils. To delineate the rate-limiting processes in the absence of interparticle effects, single surrogate soil particles are examined in this work. The adsorption-desorption characteristics of toluene and carbon tetrachloride on single, surrogate soil particles have been studied using an electrodynamic balance (EDB) under ambient conditions (P=latm; T=298K). The EDB offers high mass sensitivity (Δm 10-9g) in the absence of external mass transfer limitations and interparticle effects. In this work, three types of solid particles, 100-170μm in diameter, were examined, namely montmorillonite, a clay, and two synthetic chars, Spherocarb and Carbopack, of very different pore structures. Three different values of relative pressures, P/Po, were tested for each liquid by changing the saturator bath temperatures. Significant differences were identified among the various solid-organic compound pairs examined in adsorption-desorption sequences in the EDB. These are strongly correlated with differences in the solid pore structures.
Electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia at atmospheric pressure
Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 2000
Rate Oscillations During Propylene Oxide Oxidation on Silver Films in a Continuous Stirred Reactor
ACS Symposium Series, 1982
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Papers by Michael Stoukides