Ravin Bishnoi

All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, College of Nursing, Nursing Officer

Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Nursing, Post-Doc

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I am a research scholar and a govt employee trying towards reducing the disease burden in India.
Phone: 8091180645
Address: All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh

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Papers by Ravin Bishnoi

Audit of Code Blue Events in a Single Secondary Care Center: A Retrospective Pilot Study

Background: "Code blue" is an alert code for cardiac emergency in hospital. Cardiac emergency can... more Background: "Code blue" is an alert code for cardiac emergency in hospital. Cardiac emergency can occur to anybody as expected or unexpected cause of event. The purpose was to analyse factors associated with this emergency and survival rate. Methods: It was aretrospective audit of Code Blue data from a single secondary care Center. This audit was done for a period of four months, which were recorded by using Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) form. Results: Total 63 code blue events are activated out of them maximum code blue event activated in critical care units (87.3%, n=55) and General ward have only 12.6 % (n=08). Most of the patients were male 45 (71.4%). The maximum code blue call activated in heart disease (15 (23.8%) patients, hypoxia found the major cause of events (n=37, 58.73%), 61 patients received CPR and eight (13.11%) patients developed shockable rhythm. The average response time of code blue team is 150±64.14 seconds in wards. Twelve (19.67%) patients survived and 40 (65.57%) patients died within 24 hours and nine (14.75%) died after 24 hours. Survival rate was found significantly associated with area of event occurrence (p<0.05) by Fisher"s exact test. More deaths were found in ICU patients. Conclusion: The code blue events occurred more in male patients. The maximum events were in heart disease and sepsis patient. The survival rate was low as reported in other published studies. There was a significant association of area of events with survival rate.

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A Review for development of Concise Nursing Care Plan (CNCP)

International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management, 2019

Historically, nursing care plans were administered in academic field to teach a process that nurs... more Historically, nursing care plans were administered in academic field to teach a process that nursing students can use it to identify and define a patient-centred problem. Nursing process has evolved to a five step process which includes assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. But it has been observed that nurses are not following all the steps of nursing process because of one or other reasons like inadequate knowledge regarding nursing process, heavy workload, staff shortage, lots of paper work, poor quality of professional education, lack of motivation and unplanned early discharge. Nurses are not developing care plans on the basis of patient's needs, they are just providing care which has been prescribed by the doctors and not focusing on nursing care plan. Whereas, it is an essential document to maintain record. The impetus of this review is to improve the utilization of nursing care plan by making it less time consuming, less paper work and reduces the workload of nurses. So, nurses can change their attitude and start utilization of nursing care plan for providing better care to the patient. This concise nursing care plan (CNCP) includes all the steps of nursing care plan and reduces more writing work making it easy to follow.

A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of dry heat or moist heat application interventions to improve episiotomy outcomes

Effect of Intra Umbilical Vein (IUV) Injection of Oxytocic Agents on Outcome of the Third Stage of Labor: A Meta-analysis

International Journal of Nursing Research, 2019

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Prevalence of Primary Non-adherence with Insulin and Barriers to Insulin Initiation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - An Exploratory Study in a Tertiary Care Teaching Public Hospital

European endocrinology, 2020

INTRODUCTION There is a paucity of data analysing the reasons for primary non-adherence following... more INTRODUCTION There is a paucity of data analysing the reasons for primary non-adherence following first prescription of insulin among patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India. To address this, and to attempt to understand these reasons, an exploratory study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of primary non-adherence with insulin and barriers to insulin initiation in these patients. METHODS Study participants were randomly selected from patients with T2DM who visited the diabetes clinic of a tertiary care teaching public hospital in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India, and were prescribed insulin for the first time in last 2-year period. All participants were evaluated for history of primary non-adherence, and those who were non-adherent were subsequently interviewed face-to-face using a modified, validated semi-structured questionnaire to identify the reasons for primary non-adherence. A focused group discussion was also conducted with eight physicians to e...

Factors associated with peripheral neuropathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem globally. It is estimated that appro... more Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem globally. It is estimated that approximately 50% of people with diabetes suffer from diabetes peripheral neuropathy (DPN). All patients with diabetes should be screened for peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, this study was undertaken to explore and determine the factors associated with peripheral neuropathy. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with type 2 DM and with peripheral neuropathy at a patient visiting diabetes clinic of a tertiary care center. Neuropathy analysis was done by a peripheral neuropathy analyzer (Vibrotherm: EN ISO 13485:2012). The test consisted of four different steps: The first step was vibration perception for a six-point assessment of each foot; then, cold perception; hot perception; and finally, a 10g Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Result: Out of 50 patients, the maximum were male (70%); m...

Effectiveness of Self -Instructional Module (SIM) on Knowledge Regarding recent Advancement in Infertility Treatment among Staff Nurses

Infertility has been relatively neglected as both a health problem and a subject for social scien... more Infertility has been relatively neglected as both a health problem and a subject for social science research in South Asia, as in the developing world more generally. The general thrust of both programmes and research has been on the correlates of high fertility and its regulation rather than on understanding the context of infertility, its causes and consequences. Yet, we know that infertility affects a relatively large number of couples at some point in their reproductive lives-globally, between 50 and 80 million couples. [1] The incidence of infertility in men and women is almost identical. The role of the infertility nurse is continually expanding and changing to meet the demands of couples undergoing assisted reproduction. The present study was thus undertaken to assess the pre test knowledge score of staff nurses regarding recent advancement in infertility treatment, to assess the effectiveness of SIM (self instructional module) on knowledge of staff nurses regarding recent advancement in infertility treatment and to find out the association between pretest knowledge score with selected social demographic variables. Pre-experimental one group pre-test post test design, was used to find out the effectiveness of SIM on recent advancements in infertility treatment. The sample consisted of 60 staff nurses of selected maternity hospitals of Indore city. They were chosen by convenient sampling technique. The study was conducted at SAIMS Hospital, Life Line Hospital, Greater Kailas Hospital and Dolphin Hospital, Indore. The data was collected prior and after administration of self-instructional module by a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The knowledge gained through self instructional module was good as it was evidence with a highly significant difference (t (59) =22.669, P&lt;0.001) between the mean post-test (X 2 =30.85) and pre-test (X 1 =16.25) knowledge score. There was a significant association of the pre-test knowledge score with demographic variable like age, education, experience and in-service education programme.

Community health officer: the concept of mid-level health care providers

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, Mar 26, 2020

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Takayasu arteritis: a comprehensive review of literature

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Takayasu arteritis is an inflammatory pulseless disease of large arteries with unknown etiology w... more Takayasu arteritis is an inflammatory pulseless disease of large arteries with unknown etiology which advances in three stages i.e. early systemic, vascular, and burnout stage. It is more prevalent in Asian women of childbearing age. Hypertension, fever, weight loss, arthralgia, limb claudication, light-headedness, and arterial pain are common manifestations. Angiography is a gold standard test to evaluate TA. There is no reliable serological marker has been identified. Control on the inflammatory process and hypertension are two imperative angles to treat the disease. Steroids are most used. Reconstructive surgeries are limited to severe and stenotic lesions. This review aims to report comprehensive evidence about Takayasu arteritis. We conducted an integrative review of theoretical and empirical publications reporting epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, classification, diagnostic evaluation, and management of TA. The authors searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus until March 2020. A tot...

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IJANM 7 4 2019 (2)

A Review for development of Concise Nursing Care Plan (CNCP), 2019

ABSTRACT: Historically, nursing care plans were administered in academic field to teach a process... more ABSTRACT:
Historically, nursing care plans were administered in academic field to teach a process that nursing students can
use it to identify and define a patient-centred problem. Nursing process has evolved to a five step process which
includes assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. But it has been observed that nurses
are not following all the steps of nursing process because of one or other reasons like inadequate knowledge
regarding nursing process, heavy workload, staff shortage, lots of paper work, poor quality of professional
education, lack of motivation and unplanned early discharge. Nurses are not developing care plans on the basis
of patient’s needs, they are just providing care which has been prescribed by the doctors and not focusing on
nursing care plan. Whereas, it is an essential document to maintain record. The impetus of this review is to
improve the utilization of nursing care plan by making it less time consuming, less paper work and reduces the
workload of nurses. So, nurses can change their attitude and start utilization of nursing care plan for providing
better care to the patient. This concise nursing care plan (CNCP) includes all the steps of nursing care plan and
reduces more writing work making it easy to follow.
KEYWORDS: Nursing care plan, Nursing Process.

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IJNR 05 JS 2019 42 FINAL

Effect of Intra Umbilical Vein (IUV) Injection of Oxytocic Agents on Outcome of the Third Stage of Labor: A Meta-analysis, 2019

Background: Active management of the third stage of labor can easily prevent life-threatening com... more Background: Active management of the third stage of labor can easily prevent life-threatening complications of the third stage such as retention of the placenta or its parts, prolonged duration, or postpartum hemorrhage due to atonicity of the uterus. Intraumbilical vein (IUV) injection of oxytocic agents is recommended by some guidelines. Unfortunately, intravenous (IV) oxytocin, although common practice, has not been compared with IUV oxytocic agents in reviews and meta-analysis. Therefore, the main objective of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of IUV oxytocic agents with intramuscular (IM) and Intravenous (IV) oxytocics on outcomes of the third stage. Materials and Methods: The authors searched randomized and non-randomized control trials through electronic databases which include PubMed,
Cochrane Library, and CINAHL and gray literature. The search terms were “umbilical vein injection,” “intraumbilical vein injection,” “umbilical vein oxytocin,” oxytocin, uterotonic, placenta, “retained placenta,” labor, “third stage of labor,” and “postpartum hemorrhage.” Five hundred and ninety-four articles were identified and nine met the inclusion
criteria. Data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.3. Results: The pooled results reported that duration of the third stage was 1.23 minutes (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41–2.04) shorter, amount of blood loss was 79.09 ml. (95% CI: 46.90–111.28) lesser, and placental separation time was 37.69 seconds (95% CI: 0.58–74.80) shorter in the IUV oxytocin
group than the IV oxytocin group. Comparison of IUV oxytocin and IV carbetocin shows no statistically significant differences. In comparison with IM oxytocin, IUV oxytocin also results in 1.13 min (95% CI: 0.28–1.97) shorter duration of the third stage of labor but not shows any significant difference for amount of blood loss. Conclusion: IUV oxytocin
is more beneficial for reduction of duration of the third stage of labor, amount of blood loss, and placental separation time than the IV and IM oxytocin.
Keywords: Intraumbilical vein, Oxytocin, Postpartum hemorrhage, Retained placenta, Third stage of labor

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Gastric Carcinoma: Case Report on Nursing Care

Red Flower Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2017

This is the case report of a man who is diagnosed with gastric carcinoma. Early diagnosis and pro... more This is the case report of a man who is diagnosed with gastric carcinoma. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment helped the multidisciplinary team to great positive response from the patient. Nurses are the important person in health care of the patients in all aspects such as curative, preventive, rehabilitative to alleviate problems of patients. This nursing case reports will give understanding the approach of nursing care.

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Effectiveness of Self -Instructional Module (SIM) on Knowledge Regarding recent Advancement in Infertility Treatment among Staff Nurses

Original research article, 2017

Infertility has been relatively neglected as both a health problem and a subject for social scien... more Infertility has been relatively neglected as both a health problem and a subject for social science research in South Asia, as in the developing world more generally. The general thrust of both programmes and research has been on the correlates of high fertility and its regulation rather than on understanding the context of infertility, its causes and consequences. Yet, we know that infertility affects a relatively large number of couples at some point in their reproductive lives-globally, between 50 and 80 million couples. [1] The incidence of infertility in men and women is almost identical. The role of the infertility nurse is continually expanding and changing to meet the demands of couples undergoing assisted reproduction. The present study was thus undertaken to assess the pre test knowledge score of staff nurses regarding recent advancement in infertility treatment, to assess the effectiveness of SIM (self instructional module) on knowledge of staff nurses regarding recent advancement in infertility treatment and to find out the association between pretest knowledge score with selected social demographic variables. Pre-experimental one group pre-test post test design, was used to find out the effectiveness of SIM on recent advancements in infertility treatment. The sample consisted of 60 staff nurses of selected maternity hospitals of Indore city. They were chosen by convenient sampling technique. The study was conducted at SAIMS Hospital, Life Line Hospital, Greater Kailas Hospital and Dolphin Hospital, Indore. The data was collected prior and after administration of self-instructional module by a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The knowledge gained through self instructional module was good as it was evidence with a highly significant difference (t (59) =22.669, P<0.001) between the mean post-test (X 2 =30.85) and pre-test (X 1 =16.25) knowledge score. There was a significant association of the pre-test knowledge score with demographic variable like age, education, experience and in-service education programme.

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