Abstract The usual presentations of deontic logic, whether axiomatic or semantic, treat norms as ... more Abstract The usual presentations of deontic logic, whether axiomatic or semantic, treat norms as if they could bear truth-values. A fundamental problem of deontic logic, we believe, is to reconstruct it in accord with the philosophical position that norms direct rather than ...
This book is not for the faint-hearted, nor for the novice. It presupposes a good knowledge of cl... more This book is not for the faint-hearted, nor for the novice. It presupposes a good knowledge of classical logic and its model-theory, and also familiarity with the preferential semantics for systems of uncertain (aka nonmonotonic) consequence. But its underlying theme may be appreciated given just a little acquaintance with each.
* This paper was written while the second author was on leave from the American University of Bei... more * This paper was written while the second author was on leave from the American University of Beirut. The views and discussions are the entire responsibility of the authors, and not of any of the three institutions to which they are attached. The authors wish to thank Peter Gardenfors for making available his papers, mentioned in the bibliography, while still in typescript, and for his valuable comments and suggestions. Thanks are also due to the referee, whose suggestions led to improvements in exposition.
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Papers by David Makinson